Cudurka Dabaysha (Timaha Cad): Calaamadaha, Sababaha Iyo Daaweynta

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Cudurka dabaysha waa xaalad sababa in cadcad lagu arko timaha shaqsiga. Qofku wuu ku dhalan karaa xaalada ama wuu ku horumarin karaa da 'kasta oo uu jiro. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaad ku ogaatay qaar ka mid ah jilayaasha khayaaliga ah ee caanka ah Bellatrix Lestrange oo ka socda Harry Potter ama Benjamin Barker oo ku yaal Sweeney Todd ^[1] . Shakhsiyaadka qaba cudurka dabaysha waxay leeyihiin heer hoos udhac ah ama dhammaystiran la'aanta melanin ee timaha timaha.

Xaaladda waxaa sidoo kale loogu yeeraa cudurka dabaysha oo ku dhaca indhashareerka, timaha madaxa, sunnayaasha iyo meelaha kale ee timaha leh. Marka xaaladdu saameyso timaha madaxa ee ka hooseeya wejiga, waxaa loogu yeeraa foodda hore ee cad. Balastarka cad wuxuu ku urursan karaa hal meel ama wuxuu saameyn ku yeelan karaa meelo badan oo timahaaga ka mid ah. Iyadoo la raacayo sababaha keena, xaaladdu waxay noqon kartaa mid muddo-dheer ah ama mid muddo-gaaban ah ^[laba] , ^[3] .

[Xigasho: Joe.Miller]

Cudurka dabaysha ma aha mid nafta halis gelinaya mana saameynayso caafimaadkaaga. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxay la wadaagi kartaa xaalado caafimaad oo daran ^[4] sida vitiligo, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada cudurka, alopecia areata, sarcoidosis iwm.

Calaamadaha Cudurka Dabaysha

Way fududahay in la aqoonsado horumarka xaaladan. Calaamadaha iyo astaamaha cudurka dabaysha waxaa ka mid ah in timo cad laga jaro qayb kasta oo jirka ka mid ah oo timo leh. Cudurka dabaysha ayaa si lama filaan ah ugu soo bixi kara da 'kasta, iyadoo aan loo eegin jinsiga ^[5] .

Noocyada Cudurka Dabaysha

Xaaladda ayaa loo qaybiyay laba qaybood ^[6] , ^[7] .

• Cudurka dabaysha ee hidde ahaan loo dhasho ama lagu dhasho: Xaaladaha qaarkood, cudurka dabaysha wuxuu noqon karaa mid la iska dhaxlo. Qaybaha cad ee timaha ayaa la heli karaa waqtiga dhalashada sababo la xiriira isku-beddelka hiddo-wadaha qaarkood ama arrimo kale oo hidde ah.
• Dabaysha la helay: Xaaladda ayaa sidoo kale u soo kici karta sidii waxyeellooyin ama saameyn caafimaad kadib. Waxay sababi kartaa horumarka timaha cad ee timaha qofka marxaladaha dambe ee nolosha.

Sababaha Cudurka Dabaysha

Sababaha horumarinta xaaladda waxaa lagu tilmaami karaa sababo kala duwan. Marka loo eego fikradaha guud, cudurka dabaysha waxaa sababa dhaawac maskaxeed, naxdin jireed iyo walbahaar. Cilmiyan, waxaa la cadeeyay in waxyaabaha soo socda ay yihiin sababaha ka dambeeya horumarinta cudurka dabaysha ^[8] , ^[9] , ^[10] .

• Cilladaha hidaha Sida piebaldism, Waardenburg's Syndrome, Marfan's syndrome, tubrous sclerosis, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome, xanuun weyn oo lagu dhasho, iyo Alezzandrini syndrome.
• Cudurada is-difaaca jirka: Sida vitiligo, hypopituitarism, neurofibromatosis, cudurada tayroodhka, sarcoidosis, hypogonadism, idiopathic uveitis, intradermal nevus, dermatoses post-inflammatory, kansarka maqaarka, halo nevus, post-trauma, GAPO syndrome, iyo dhiig-yaraanta halista ah.
• Sababaha kale Sida melanoma, alopecia areata, Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, herpes zoster ama shingles, shucaaca daaweynta, cilladaha melanisation, dermatitis, albino, dhaawacyada, gabowga, walbahaarka, halo jiirarka, hypo ama isbedelka indhaha, baraska, iyo daawooyinka qaarkood.

Xaaladaha La Xiriira Cudurka Dabaysha

Sidii hore loo soo sheegay, ma aha mid nafta halis gelinaya ama waxyeello leh. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxay noqon kartaa tilmaan hore ama calaamadda digniinta ee arrimaha caafimaadka ee halista ah ^{kow iyo toban} . Xaaladaha lala xiriirinayo cudurka dabaysha waa sida soo socota:

• Melanoma (kansarka maqaarka)
• Cudurka 'Uveitis' oo u horseedi kara glaucoma iyo cataracts
• Cudurrada caabuqa
• Xanuunada qanjirka 'thyroid' ee sababi kara daal, liqitaan dhib, niyad jab, arrimaha xusuusta, kolestarool badan, galmo xumo iyo miisaanka oo kordha

Ciladda Cudurka Dabaysha

Muuqaalka cirro ama cad cad oo ah timo waa calaamadda keliya ee looga baahan yahay in lagu ogaado xaaladda ^[12] .

Haddii xaaladdu saamaynayso ilmahaaga waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in dhakhso loo aado dhakhtar. In kasta oo carruurtu ku dhalan karaan timo cadcad oo timo ah, haddana waxay kaloo noqon kartaa tilmaan xanuunnada tayroodhka, yaraanta fiitamiin B12 iwm. Tan awgeed, dhakhtarku wuxuu kugula talin karaa baaritaanka dhiigga ^[13] .

Si kastaba ha noqotee, xiriirka xaaladdiisa iyo xaalado kale oo dhowr ah, baaritaan buuxa ayaa loo baahan karaa. Dhakhtarku wuxuu mari doonaa taariikhda caafimaad ee qofka wuxuuna weydiin doonaa waxa ku dhacay cudurka dabaysha ee qoyska. Ciladda waxaa ka mid noqon kara baaritaan jireed oo dhameystiran,

sahaminta nafaqada, baaritaanka endocrinal, baaritaanka dhiigga, falanqaynta muunad maqaarka ah iyo sababaha neerfaha ^[14] .

Daaweynta Cudurka Dabaysha

Waqtigaan la joogo, waxaa jira la'aanta daaweyn habboon oo si joogto ah wax looga beddelo balastarrada cad ee ay keento cudurka dabaysha. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waad qaadan kartaa tallaabooyinka soo socda si aad u xaddido bilowga xaaladda ^{[shan iyo toban]} .

• Qaadashada xadidan ee antibiyootikada
• Kordhinta soo-gaadhista laambadaha UV-B
• Codsashada Ammi majus
• Qalliinka maqaarka wasakhda ah ee maqaarka lagu tallaalayo (ayaa hadda ka hooseeya balastarka timaha cad)

Qaar ka mid ah siyaabaha kale ee xaalada lagu maareyn karo waa adiga oo timo timo, xirashada koofiyadaha, bandanna, xarkaha madaxa, ama noocyada kale ee timaha lagu daboolo. Ama, waad uga tagi kartaa sida ay tahay!

1. [1]Chen, C. S., Wells, J., & Craig, J. E. (2004). Jadeecada prostaglandin f2α analog ayaa keentay cudurka dabaysha. Joornaalka maraykanka ee indhaha, 137 (5), 965-966.
2. [laba]Rones, B. (1932). Cudurka 'Uveitis' oo leh dysacousia, alopecia iyo dabaysha. Archives of Ophthalmology, 7 (6), 847-855.
3. [3]Kern, T. J., Walton, D. K., Riis, R. C., Manning, T. O., Laratta, L. J., & Dziezyc, J. (1985). Cudurka 'Uveitis' ee la xiriira cudurka dabaysha iyo vitiligo ee lix eey. Joornaalka Ururka Caafimaadka Xoolaha ee Mareykanka, 187 (4), 408-414.
4. [4]Koplon, B. S., & Shapiro, L. (1968). Cudurka Dabaysha oo kahortaga neurofibroma Archives of dermatology, 98 (6), 631-633.
5. [5]HAGUE, E. B. (1944). Uveitis Dysacousia Alopecia Poliosis, iyo Vitiligo: Aragti ahaan Sababta. Archives of Ophthalmology, 31 (6), 520-538.
6. [6]Parker, W. R. (1940). Cudurka daran ee 'Uveitis' oo leh Alopecia, Poliosis, Vitiligo iyo Dhago la'aan: Dib-u-eegis Labaad ee Diiwaanada La daabacay Archives of Ophthalmology, 24 (3), 439-446.
7. [7]Sleiman, R., Kurban, M., Succaria, F., & Abbas, O. (2013). Cudurka dabeysha ee loo yaqaan 'poliosis circumscripta': dulmar guud iyo sababaha keena. Joornaalka Akadeemiyadda Mareykanka ee Cilmiga Maqaarka, 69 (4), 625-633.
8. [8]Yosipovitch, G., Feinmesser, M., & Mutalik, S. (1999). Cudurka dabaysha oo lala xiriiriyo nevus weyn oo lagu dhasho Archives of dermatology, 135 (7), 859-861.
9. [9]Nordlund, J. J., Taylor, N. T., Albert, D. M., Wagoner, M. D., & Lerner, A. B. (1981). Cudurka 'vitiligo' iyo cudurka dabaysha oo ku faafa bukaanka qaba cudurka 'uveitis'. Joornaalka Akadeemiyadda Mareykanka ee Cilmiga Maqaarka, 4 (5), 528-536.
10. [10]Bansal, L., Zinkus, T. P., & Kats, A. (2018). Cudurka Dabaysha oo leh Urur Rare ah. Cudurka neerfaha carruurta, 83, 62-63.
11. kow iyo tobanVainstein, G., & Nemet, A. Y. (2016). Cudurka dabaysha ee hal-bawlaha ah ee baarkooda. Balaastigga indhaha iyo qalliinka dib-u-dhiska, 32 (3), e73-e74.
12. [12]Wilson, L. M., Beasley, K. J., Sorrells, T. C., & Johnson, V. V. (2017). Xanuunka neerfaha ee cudurada dhalmada ee leh cudurka dabaysha: Warbixin kiis. Joornaalka cudurada maqaarka, 44 (11), 974-977.
13. [13]Vyas, R., Selph, J., & Gerstenblith, M. R. (2016, Juunyo). Tilmaamaha maqaarka ee la xiriira melanoma. Seminaaro ku saabsan cudurka kansarka (Vol. 43, No. 3, pp. 384-389). WB Saunders.
14. [14]Bayer, M. L., & Chiu, Y. E. (2017). Daaweynta guuleysta ee Vitiligo ee ku xiran Vogt – Koyanagi – Harada Cudurka maqaarka cudurada carruurta, 34 (2), 204-205.
15. [shan iyo toban]Thomas, S., Laino, A., Sturm, R., Nufer, K., Lambie, D., Shepherd, B., ... & Schaider, H. (2018). Dib-u-celinta maskaxda ee melanoma aasaasiga ah, lentigines-ka daciifka ah iyo cudurka dabaysha ee melanoma metastatic ah oo lagu daaweeyo anti-PD-1.Jariiradda Akadeemiyada Yurub ee Cilmiga Maqaarka iyo Cilmiga Cilmiga: JEADV, 32 (5), e176.

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